1. Intshayelelo kuMbhobho weNtsimbi yeNsimbi
Umbhobho wentsimbi engatyiwanga ngumbhobho ongatyanga, uyathandeka, kwaye unobushushu obuphezulu obusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.
Imibhobho yentsimbi eyenziwe ngealloyi yentsimbi, ichromium kunye nenickel. Umxholo wechromium unika insimbi engagqwali ukuxhathisa umhlwa ngokwenza umaleko obhityileyo oxide kumphezulu wombhobho. Olu luhlu lukhusela umbhobho kwi-rust kunye ne-corrosion, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinzima.
Ngokweziphumo zophando, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zifumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye namabakala. Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka imibhobho engenamthungo, imibhobho edityanisiweyo, kunye nemibhobho etsalwa ngokubanda. Amanqanaba emibhobho yensimbi engenasici anokuthi ahlelwe kwiindidi ezininzi, ezifana ne-austenitic, i-ferritic, i-duplex, i-precipitation hardening, kunye ne-nickel alloy.
Ngokomzekelo, imibhobho ye-austenitic stainless steel stainless, efana ne-304 (0Cr18Ni9), 321 (1Cr18Ni9Ti), kunye ne-316L (00Cr17Ni14Mo2), isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwayo okuqinileyo, ukuqina okuphezulu, kunye nokubumba okugqwesileyo. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasiphene yeFerritic, efana ne-409, 410L, kunye ne-430, inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kodwa iphantsi kwe-corrosion resistance. Imibhobho ye-Duplex yensimbi engenasici, efana ne-2205 kunye ne-2507, inika amandla aphezulu kunye nokuchasana nokugqwala okulungileyo, okubenza bafaneleke ukufakwa kwizicelo kwiindawo ezinobume obuphezulu njengeendawo zaselwandle.
Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana neekhemikhali, i-petrochemical, amayeza, ukutya, amandla, ulwakhiwo, inqwelomoya, kunye ne-aerospace. Kwishishini lemichiza, imibhobho yensimbi engenasici isetyenziselwa ukuthutha imichiza eyonakalisayo. Kwishishini lokutya, zisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kokutya kunye nokugcinwa ngenxa yeempawu zabo zococeko. Kwishishini lokwakha, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhlobisa kunye neenkqubo zokubhobhoza.
Ukuqukumbela, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici ziyinto ebalulekileyo eneempawu ezizodwa ezenza ukuba zilungele ubuninzi bezicelo. Ukunganyangeki kwabo kwi-corrosion, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, kunye nesibheno sobuhle kubenza babe lukhetho oludumileyo kumashishini amaninzi.
2. Ukuhlelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo
2.1 I-Austenitic Steel Pipe
Imibhobho yentsimbi ye-Austenitic yaziwa ngokugqwesa kwayo ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuqina okuphezulu, kunye nokwakheka okubalaseleyo. Le mibhobho inobuso obuphakathi kwesakhiwo sekristale ye-cubic. Izinto ezifana ne-304 (0Cr18Ni9), 321 (1Cr18Ni9Ti), kunye ne-316L (00Cr17Ni14Mo2) zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Umxholo wechromium kwezi ntsimbi unika ukuxhathisa ukubola ngokwenza umaleko obhityileyo weoksidi kumphezulu. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici ye-Austenitic ingasetyenziselwa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu kwaye ifanelekile kwizicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo afana neekhemikhali, ukutya kunye nokwakhiwa.
2.2 iFerritic Steel Pipe
Imibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo yeFerritic iqulunqwe ubukhulu becala bubume bomzimba obuphakathi kwecubic crystal structure. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-409, i-410L, kunye ne-430. Le mibhobho inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kodwa i-corrosion resistance resistance xa kuthelekiswa ne-austenitic stainless steel. Zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo apho ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu bufuneka kodwa okusingqongileyo akonakali kakhulu. Ngokweziphumo zophando, i-ferritic stainless steel inokunyamezela amaqondo obushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-950°C.
2.3 I-Duplex Steel Pipe
Imibhobho ye-Duplex yensimbi engenasici inesakhiwo esidibanisa zombini izigaba ze-austenite kunye ne-ferrite. Izinto ezifana ne-2205 kunye ne-2507 ziqhelekileyo. Le mibhobho inika amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqwesa okulungileyo. Zifanele izicelo kwiindawo ezinobume obuphezulu njengeendawo zaselwandle. I-Duplex steel stainless inamandla emveliso anokuthi aphindwe kabini kuneyentsimbi eqhelekileyo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto kunye neendleko zokuvelisa izixhobo.
2.4 Imvula Ukuqinisa uMbhobho weNtsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Imvula yenza lukhuni imibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo yenziwa ngenkqubo yonyango lwesisombululo esiluqilima kunye nokuqina kwemvula. Izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-17-4PH kunye ne-15-5PH. Ezi zintsimbi zineempawu ezintle zoomatshini kwaye zinokuqiniswa ngonyango lobushushu. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa izicelo apho amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokubola kuyadingeka.
2.5I-Nickel Alloy iPipe yeNsimbi eNgatyiwayo
Imibhobho ye-nickel alloy steel stainless steel ine-corrosion egqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Izinto ezifana ne-Inconel 625 kunye ne-Incoloy 800 zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ezi ngxube ziqulethe inani elikhulu le-nickel, elibanika iimpawu zabo eziphezulu. Banokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye neemekobume ezirhabaxa, ezibenza bafanelekele ukusetyenziswa kwi-aerospace, iikhemikhali, kunye namashishini epetrochemical.
3. Ukusetyenziswa koMbhobho weStainless Steel
Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiikhemikhali, kwi-petrochemical, kumayeza, ukutya, amandla, ulwakhiwo, inqwelomoya, i-aerospace kunye namanye amashishini ngenxa yeepropathi zazo ezibalaseleyo.
3.1 Ishishini leMichiza
Kwishishini lemichiza, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici ziyimfuneko ekuthuthweni kweekhemikhali ezitshabalalisayo. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion yensimbi engenasici iqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kombhobho kunye nokuthintela ukuvuza okunokubangela ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo kunye nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo. Ngokweziphumo zophando, imibhobho yensimbi engenasici inokumelana noluhlu olubanzi lweekhemikhali, kubandakanya i-acids, iziseko kunye neetyuwa. Ngokomzekelo, imibhobho ye-austenitic stainless steel efana ne-316L isoloko isetyenziswa kwizityalo zokulungisa imichiza ngenxa yokumelana kwayo okugqwesileyo kwindawo ezonakalisayo.
3.2 Ishishini lepetrochemical
Kwishishini lepetrochemical, imibhobho yentsimbi engenastainless isetyenziselwa ukuthutha ioyile, igesi, kunye nezinye iihydrocarbons. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye namandla ensimbi engenasici kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokucoca kunye nemibhobho. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici ye-Duplex, enamandla amakhulu kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola, iluncedo kakhulu kwi-offshore oil ne-gas applications apho imo engqongileyo inzima.
3.3 Ishishini lezamachiza
Kwishishini lamachiza, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha izidakamizwa kunye nezinye iimveliso zonyango. Iimpawu zococeko zensimbi engenasici zenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kumagumbi acocekileyo kunye nezinye iindawo ezingcolileyo. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici inokucocwa ngokulula kwaye icocwe, iqinisekise ukucoceka kweemveliso ezithuthwayo.
3.4 Ishishini lokutya
Kwishishini lokutya, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kokutya kunye nokugcinwa. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion kunye neempawu ezicocekileyo zensimbi ezingenasici zenza ukuba kukhuselekile ukudibana nokutya. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici nayo ilula ukuyicoca nokugcina, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko lokutya.
3.5 Ishishini lezaMandla
Kwishishini lamandla, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziswa kwizityalo zamandla kunye neenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo. Ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye namandla ensimbi engenasici kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwiibhoyili, i-heat exchangers, kunye neepaneli zelanga. Ngokomzekelo, imibhobho yensimbi engenasici ye-ferritic inokunyamezela ukushisa okuphezulu ukuya kwi-950 ° C, iyenze ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezinye izicelo zeplanti yamandla.
3.6 Ushishino loKwakha
Kwishishini lokwakha, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhlobisa kunye neenkqubo zokubhobhoza. Isibheno sobuhle kunye nokuqina kwensimbi engenasici kwenza kube lukhetho oludumileyo kubakhi bezakhiwo kunye nabaqulunqi. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici ingasetyenziselwa inkxaso yesakhiwo kwizakhiwo kunye neebhulorho.
3.7 Ishishini lezoPhapho kunye ne-Aerospace
Kwishishini le-aviation kunye ne-aerospace, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziselwa iinqwelo-moya kunye nezixhobo ze-spacecraft. Amandla aphezulu kunye neepropathi ezikhaphukhaphu zensimbi engenasici ziyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zenjini, iinkqubo zepetroli, kunye namalungu olwakhiwo. Imibhobho ye-nickel alloy steel stainless, kunye ne-corrosion yabo egqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, idla ngokusetyenziswa kwezi zicelo.
Ukuqukumbela, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici ziyinto ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezizodwa kunye nokuguquguquka. Nokuba ithutha imichiza eyonakalisayo, ilungisa ukutya, okanye isesakha iinqwelo-moya, imibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
4. Isiphelo
Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici zizinto eziphawulekayo ngokwenene ezinoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kumashishini amaninzi. Indibaniselwano yabo ekhethekileyo yokuxhathisa umhlwa, ukunyamezela ubushushu obuphezulu, amandla, kunye neempawu zococeko zibenza babe lukhetho olubalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi.
Kwishishini lemichiza, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici ziqinisekisa ukuthuthwa okukhuselekileyo kweekhemikhali ezitshabalalisayo, zikhusela abasebenzi kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ngokukwazi ukumelana noluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwezinto zekhemikhali, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni intembeko yokusebenza kwemichiza.
Ishishini le-petrochemical lizuza kwi-high-temperature resistance kunye namandla emibhobho yensimbi engenasici. Zithembekile ekuthutheni ioli, igesi, neehydrocarbons, naphantsi kweemeko ezingentle ezingaselunxwemeni. Imibhobho ye-Duplex yensimbi engenasici, ngokukodwa, ixabiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.
Kwishishini lamachiza, iimpawu zococeko zemibhobho yensimbi engenasici ziyimfuneko ekuqinisekiseni ukucoceka kwamachiza kunye neemveliso zamachiza. Ukucocwa kwabo ngokulula kunye nokuvala inzala kubenza ukuba babe lolona khetho lukhethwayo lokugcina iindawo ezisingqongileyo.
Ishishini lokutya lixhomekeke kwimibhobho yensimbi engenasici yokulungiswa kokutya kunye nokugcinwa. Ukumelana nomhlwa kunye nokukhuseleka kwabo ekudibaneni nokutya kubenza babe yeyona nto iphambili emakhitshini nakwizityalo ezilungisa ukutya. Ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yokhuseleko lokutya kufumaneka ngokulula ngemibhobho yensimbi engenasici.
Imboni yamandla isebenzisa imibhobho yensimbi engenasici kwizityalo zamandla kunye neenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo. Ukuxhathisa kwabo kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokomelela kubalulekile kwiibhoyila, oomatshini bokutshintsha ubushushu, kunye neepaneli zelanga. Imibhobho yensimbi engenasici yeFerritic, ekwaziyo ukunyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ibalulekile kwizicelo ezithile zeplanti yamandla.
Kwishishini lokwakha, iipayipi zensimbi ezingenasici zongeza isibheno sobuhle kunye nokuqina. Zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuhlobisa kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho, kunye nenkxaso yesakhiwo kwizakhiwo kunye neebhulorho.
Ishishini lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye ne-aerospace lixhomekeke kwimibhobho yentsimbi engatyiwayo yezixhobo zenqwelo-moya kunye neziphekepheke. Amandla abo aphezulu kunye neempawu ezikhaphukhaphu zibenza bafanelekele iindawo ze-injini, iinkqubo zepetroli, kunye nezixhobo zesakhiwo. Imibhobho ye-nickel alloy steel stainless, ene-corrosion egqwesileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ibalulekile kwezi zicelo zifunayo.
Ukuqukumbela, imibhobho yensimbi engenasici zizinto eziyimfuneko kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Ukubaluleka kwazo kusekukwazini kwazo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zemimandla eyahlukeneyo, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuqina. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubeka iqhubela phambili, imfuno yemibhobho yensimbi engenasici inokuthi ihlale yomelele, kwaye izinto ezintsha ezintsha kuyilo kunye nemveliso ziya kuqhubeka nokwandisa izicelo zabo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2024