1. Inkcazo kunye neempawu zensimbi engenasici ejikelezayo
Intsimbi ejiyileyo engatyiwayo ibhekisa kwinto ende enecandelo elinqamlezileyo elifana nesetyhula, ngokubanzi malunga neemitha ezine ubude, ezinokwahlulwa ibe yingqukuva egudileyo kunye nebha emnyama. Umphezulu ojikelezayo ogudileyo ugudile kwaye ucutshungulwa ngokuqengqeleka okulinganayo; umphezulu webha emnyama imnyama kwaye irhabaxa kwaye ishushu ngqo.
Intsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi ineempawu ezininzi ezintle. Okokuqala, ukumelana kwayo ne-oxidation kubalaseleyo. Umzekelo, i-310S stainless steel bar round bar inamandla angcono okurhubuluza ngenxa yepesenti ephezulu yechromium kunye nenickel, inokuqhubeka nokusebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Okwesibini, inokumelana ne-corrosion eyomeleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-316L yentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi inokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa i-pitting, ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-Mo, kunye nokubonakala kweemveliso ezibandayo zineglosi elungileyo; emva kokongeza i-Mo kwi-316 yentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi ejikelezayo, ukuxhathisa ukubola, ukuxhathisa kwe-atmospheric corrosion kunye namandla okushisa aphezulu kulungile, kwaye inokusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima. Ukongeza, ibha yentsimbi engqukuva yentsimbi engenasiphene ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini, ezinje nge-304 yentsimbi ejikelezayo ejikelezayo inokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla asezantsi obushushu kunye neempawu zoomatshini, kwaye ayinyangeki kwi-atmosfera. Ngelo xesha, intsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi ineempawu ezintle zokucoceka kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimimandla yokutya kunye nezixhobo zotyando. Ukongeza, imivalo engqukuva yentsimbi engenastainless nayo iyathandeka ngobuhle, inomgangatho ogudileyo womphezulu. Ziyakwazi ukucutshungulwa kwiindawo zoshishino, iindawo ezixutywe, iindawo eziqaqambileyo kwaye ziphinde ziphuculwe kwakhona ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ejikelezileyo yentsimbi
2.1 Uluhlu olubanzi lweenkalo zesicelo
Imivalo ejikelezayo yensimbi engenasici inethemba elibanzi lesicelo kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezininzi. Kwintsimi yokwakhiwa kweenqanawa, ukuxhathisa kwayo kwi-corrosion kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha ukuveliswa kwezakhiwo ze-hull kunye nezixhobo zeenqanawa. Kwishishini lepetrochemical, imivalo engqukuva yentsimbi engenasici inokumelana nokhukuliseko lweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo ezonakalisayo kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakhiweni kwezixhobo zekhemikhali kunye nemibhobho. Kwishishini lokutya, iintsimbi ezingqukuva zentsimbi zisetyenziswa koomatshini bokwenza ukutya, izitya kunye nemibhobho. ngenxa yococeko lwabo oluhle kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa. Icandelo lezonyango lineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zococeko. Izixhobo zotyando kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezenziwe ngeentsimbi ezijikelezayo ezingenasici zihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yococeko.
Ngokubhekiselele kwimihombiso yesakhiwo, imivalo engqukuva yensimbi engenasici ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-skeleton yezakhiwo, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhombisa, ii-handrails, iingcango kunye neefestile, njl njl. isakhiwo. Ukongezelela, kwintsimi ye-kitchenware ye-hardware, i-kitchenware eyenziwe ngeentsimbi ezijikelezayo zensimbi ezingenasici zihlala zihlala zihleli kwaye zihle. Ngokubhekiselele kwizixhobo zokuvelisa, ezifana nezixhobo zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi olwandle, iikhemikhali, iidayi, i-papermaking, i-oxalic acid, izichumisi kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuvelisa, imivalo yensimbi engenasici nayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Ukuxhatshazwa kwayo kwe-corrosion kunokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwexesha elide kunye nokuzinza kwezixhobo kwiindawo ezinzima.
3. Ukuhlelwa kwezinto eziphathekayo zentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi
3.1 Intshayelelo kwizinto eziqhelekileyo
I-301 Intsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi: I-ductility elungileyo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimveliso ezenziweyo. Inokuthi yenziwe lukhuni ngesantya somatshini, ikwazi ukuwelda kakuhle, kwaye inokumelana nokunxiba kunye namandla okudinwa kunentsimbi engama-304.
I-304 yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha yentsimbi: Yeyona isetyenziswa ngokubanzi i-chromium-nickel yentsimbi engatyiwayo enokumelana ne-corrosion, ukumelana nobushushu, amandla asezantsi obushushu kunye neempawu zoomatshini. Iyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa emoyeni. Ukuba yindawo yemizi-mveliso okanye indawo engcoliseke kakhulu, kufuneka icocwe kwangethuba ukuze kuthintelwe ukubola.
I-303 yentsimbi yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha: Kulula ukusika ngaphezu kwe-304 ngokongeza inani elincinci lesulfure kunye ne-phosphorus, kunye nezinye iimpawu zayo zifana ne-304.
I-316 yentsimbi yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha: Emva kwe-304, yinto yesibini esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-steel, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokutya kunye nezixhobo zotyando. Ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-Mo, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion, ukumelana ne-atmospheric corrosion kunye namandla okushisa aphezulu kulungile, kwaye inokusetyenziswa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima; umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokuqina (ongeyo-magnetic).
I-316L yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha: Imveliso epholileyo inenkangeleko entle ekhazimlayo kwaye intle; ngenxa yokongezwa kwe-Mo, inokumelana nokugqwesa okugqwesileyo, ngakumbi ukuxhathisa imingxuma; amandla abalaseleyo obushushu obuphezulu; umsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokuqina (imagnethi engenamandla emva kokucubungula); non-magnetic kwisimo sesisombululo esiluqilima.
I-304L yentsimbi yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha: Iyintlukwano ye-304 yensimbi engenasici kunye nomxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni kwaye isetyenziswe kwiimeko apho i-welding ifunekayo. Umxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni unciphisa imvula ye-carbides kwindawo echaphazelekayo ngubushushu kufuphi ne-weld, kwaye imvula ye-carbides ingabangela i-intergranular corrosion (i-welding erosion) yensimbi engenasici kwiindawo ezithile.
I-321 yentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi: I-Ti yongezwa kwintsimbi ye-304 ukuthintela ukubola kwe-intergranular, kwaye ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kumaqondo obushushu angama-430 ℃ - 900 ℃. Ngaphandle kokuba umngcipheko wokugqwala kwe-weld yezinto eziphathekayo uyancitshiswa ngokongezwa kwe-titanium, ezinye iipropati zifana ne-304.
I-2520 yentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi: Inokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation, kwaye inokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo ixesha elide kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu.
I-201 yentsimbi ejikelezayo ibha yentsimbi: Yintsimbi ye-chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic yentsimbi enemagnetism ephantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Ihlala isetyenziswa kwiimeko apho ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion kungabikho phezulu kakhulu kodwa ukuqina okuqinileyo kunye namandla afunekayo.
I-2202 yentsimbi ejikelezayo yentsimbi: Yintsimbi ye-chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic esebenza ngcono kunentsimbi engama-201.
3.2 Umahluko wokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo
Kwishishini leoli, i-316L kunye ne-316 imivalo yensimbi engenasici isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakhiweni kwezixhobo zepetrochemical kunye nemibhobho ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kunye nokuchasana nobushushu obuphezulu. Kwishishini le-elektroniki, i-304 kunye ne-304L imivalo yensimbi engenasici isoloko isetyenziswa kwizindlu kunye nezakhiwo zangaphakathi zezixhobo ze-elektroniki ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kunye nokumelana nokubola. Kwishishini lemichiza, iintsimbi ezijikelezayo zensimbi ezingenasici zisetyenziswa, kwaye izinto ezifanelekileyo zikhethwa ngokwemichiza eyahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zokusebenza. Ngokomzekelo, kwiikhemikhali ezinobungozi kakhulu, i-316L kunye ne-316 intsimbi ejikelezayo imivalo ifanelekile ngakumbi; ngelixa izixhobo zokuvelisa iikhemikhali ngokubanzi, ii-304 zensimbi ezingenasici ezijikelezayo ziyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.
Kwishishini lamayeza, iimfuno zococeko ziphezulu kakhulu. I-316L kunye ne-304L imivalo yensimbi engenasici isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo zokuhlinzwa, izixhobo zonyango, njl. Kwishishini lokutya, i-304 kunye ne-316 imivalo yensimbi engenasici ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa izinto ezisetyenziswayo, ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zococeko kunye neemfuno zokumelana nokugqwala kwinkqubo yokutya.
Kumashishini oomatshini, iintsimbi ezijikelezayo zensimbi ezingenasici zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zikhethwa ngokweemfuno ezithile zamacandelo omatshini. Ngokomzekelo, kwiindawo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba, unokukhetha i-420 yentsimbi ejikelezayo imivalo; kwiindawo ezifuna ukusebenza kakuhle, ungakhetha i-303 yentsimbi ejikelezayo imivalo.
Kwishishini lokwakha, i-304 kunye ne-316 imivalo yensimbi engenasici isoloko isetyenziselwa iindawo zokuhlobisa kunye nezakhelo zezakhiwo. Ukuchasana kwabo kwe-corrosion kunye ne-aesthetics kunokongeza ixabiso kwisakhiwo. Kwezinye iindawo zokwakha ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nolwandle okanye iindawo ezine-chlorine, ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion ye-316L yentsimbi ejikelezayo imivalo ibonakala ngakumbi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2024