1.Yintoni imibhobho yentsimbi yeCarbon engenamthungo?
Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo yimibhobho eyenziwe kwintsimbi enye ngaphandle kwamalungu adityanisiweyo, enika amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo.
Le mibhobho isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezintle. Imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo iyaziwa ngokuhlala kwayo kunye nokuthembeka. Banokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu, okubenza bafanelekele ukusetyenziswa kwishishini leoli negesi, ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokulungiswa kweekhemikhali.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ibandakanya ukuqengqeleka okushushu okanye umzobo obandayo. Kwi-hot rolling, i-billet yensimbi iyafudumala kwaye idluliselwe kwiintlobo ze-roller ukuze zenze umbhobho ongenamthungo. Umzobo obandayo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, uquka ukutsala umbhobho oshushu oshushu ngokufa ukuze unciphise ububanzi kunye nokuphucula ukugqiba kwayo.
Ngokwedatha yoshishino, iibhobho zentsimbi zekhabhoni ezingenamthungo zifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lobukhulu kunye nobukhulu. Ubukhulu obuqhelekileyo buvela kwi-DN15 ukuya kwi-DN1200, kunye nobukhulu bodonga obuhluka ukusuka kwi-2mm ukuya kwi-50mm. Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwimibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo ngokuqhelekileyo i-carbon steel, equlethe ipesenti ethile yekhabhoni. Umxholo wekhabhoni unokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesicelo, kunye nomxholo ophezulu wekhabhoni unika amandla amakhulu kunye nobunzima.
Ukongeza kumandla kunye nokuqina, imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo nayo inika ukuxhathisa okuhle kokubola. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye izicelo apho ukuvezwa kweendawo ezinobungozi kulindeleke, iingubo ezongezelelweyo okanye i-linings ingafuneka ukukhusela umbhobho kwi-corrosion.
Ngokubanzi, imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso, ibonelela ngothutho oluthembekileyo nolusebenzayo lwamanzi kunye neegesi.
2. Inkqubo yeMveliso kunye neNkcazo
2.1 Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yeMveliso
Ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo yinkqubo enzima kwaye ecokisekileyo. Okokuqala, i-billet ejikelezayo inqunywe ngokuchanekileyo ubude obufunekayo. Emva koko, ifudunyezwa kwiziko ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, elihlala limalunga ne-1200 degrees Celsius. Inkqubo yokufudumala isebenzisa amafutha afana ne-hydrogen okanye i-acetylene ukuqinisekisa ukufudumeza okufanayo. Emva kokufudumeza, i-billet ifumana uxinzelelo lokubhoboza. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ekuveliseni imibhobho ephezulu kwaye ikwazi ukulungelelanisa iimfuno zokubhoboza amabakala ahlukeneyo entsimbi.
Ukulandela ukubhoboza, i-billet ihamba ngeendlela zokuqengqeleka ezifana ne-three-roll skew rolling, i-continuous rolling, okanye i-extrusion. Emva kwe-extrusion, umbhobho udlula ukulinganisa ukulinganisa imilinganiselo yayo yokugqibela. Umatshini wokulinganisa kunye ne-conical drill bit ujikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye ungene kwi-billet ukwenza umbhobho. Idayamitha yangaphakathi yombhobho ixhomekeke kwidayamitha yangaphandle yomatshini wokulinganisa we-drill bit.
Emva koko, umbhobho uthunyelwa kwinqaba yokupholisa apho upholiswa khona ngokutshiza amanzi. Emva kokupholisa, iphinda ilungiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilo yayo ichanekile. Emva koko, umbhobho uthunyelwa kwi-metal flaw detector okanye isixhobo sokuvavanya i-hydrostatic yokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi. Ukuba kukho iintanda, amaqamza, okanye eminye imiba ngaphakathi kombhobho, ziya kufunyanwa. Emva kokuhlolwa komgangatho, umbhobho uhamba ngokujonga ngesandla. Ekugqibeleni, iphawulwe ngamanani, ukucaciswa, kunye nolwazi lwebhetshi yemveliso ngokupeyinta kwaye iphakanyiswe kwaye igcinwe kwindawo yokugcina impahla yi-crane.
2.2 IiNkcazelo kunye noHlelo
Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ihlelwa ngokweendidi ezishushu kunye nezibandayo. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo eshushu eqengqelekayo inobubanzi bangaphandle obungaphezulu kwama-32 eemilimitha kunye nobukhulu bodonga ukusuka kwi-2.5 ukuya kuma-75 eemilimitha. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni epholileyo eqengqelekayo inokuba nedayamitha yangaphandle ibencinci njengeemilimitha ezi-6, kunye nobuncinci bodonga obuyi-0.25 millimeters. Nkqu nemibhobho ebhityileyo enodonga olungaphandle lweemilimitha ezi-5 kunye nobukhulu bodonga obungaphantsi kwe-0.25 millimeters ikhona. Imibhobho eqengqelekayo ebandayo inika ukuchaneka okuphezulu kwe-dimensional.
Iimpawu zabo zivame ukubonakaliswa ngokubhekiselele kububanzi bangaphandle kunye nobukhulu bodonga. Umzekelo, ingcaciso eqhelekileyo ingaba yi-DN200 x 6mm, ebonisa i-diameter yangaphandle ye-200 millimeters kunye nobukhulu bodonga be-6 millimeters. Ngokutsho kwedatha yoshishino, imibhobho yentsimbi ye-carbon engenamthungo ifumaneka kuluhlu olubanzi lobungakanani ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kweMibhobho yentsimbi yeCarbon engenamthungo
Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo ifumana izicelo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokuthuthwa kolwelo, ukwenziwa kwebhoyila, ukuphononongwa kwejoloji, kunye noshishino lwepetroleum ngenxa yeepropati zabo ezizodwa kunye nokuhlelwa kwezinto.
3.1 UThutho lolwelo
Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo isetyenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha ulwelo olunjengamanzi, ioyile, kunye negesi. Kwishishini le-oyile kunye negesi, umzekelo, imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo iyimfuneko ekuthuthweni kweoli ekrwada kunye negesi yendalo ukusuka kwiindawo zokuvelisa ukuya kwiindawo zokucokisa kunye namaziko okusasaza. Ngokwedatha yeshishini, inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-oyile kunye negesi yehlabathi ithuthwa ngemibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo. Le mibhobho inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye iyamelana ne-corrosion, iyenze ibe yinto efanelekileyo yokuthutha umgama omde. Ukongeza, imibhobho ye-carbon steel engenamthungo nayo isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokubonelela ngamanzi kunye neenkqubo zoshishino zokuthutha ulwelo olwahlukeneyo.
3.2 Ukwenziwa kweBoiler
Imibhobho yebhoyila ephantsi, ephakathi, kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu eyenziwe ngentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwimveliso yebhoyila. Le mibhobho yenzelwe ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwiibhoyili. Kwiibhoyila zoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye oluphakathi, iibhobho zentsimbi zekhabhoni ezingenamthungo ziqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwebhoyili ngokubonelela ngokujikeleza kwamanzi okuthembekileyo kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu. Kwiibhoyili zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, imibhobho kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno ezingqongqo zokuqina kunye nokuqina. Baphantsi kovavanyo olubanzi ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wabo kunye nokuthembeka. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo yeebhoyila iyafumaneka ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha zokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zoyilo lwebhoyila.
3.3 Uphononongo lweJoloji
Imibhobho yokugrumba yokwakheka komhlaba nepetroleum idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphononongo lwejoloji. Le mibhobho isetyenziselwa ukugrumba kuqweqwe lomhlaba ukuze kuhlolwe ioli, igesi, nezimbiwa. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni ene-high-high-seamless seamless yenzelwe ukujamelana neemeko ezinzima zemisebenzi yokomba, kubandakanywa uxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-abrasion, kunye ne-corrosion. Zikwasetyenziselwa i-casing kunye ne-tubing kwimithombo yeoli kunye negesi, ukubonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo kunye nokukhusela iqula ekuweni. Ngokoqikelelo lwemizi-mveliso, imfuno yemibhobho yokomba ye-geological kunye ne-petroleum kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kwiminyaka ezayo njengoko uphononongo lwemithombo emitsha luqhubeka.
3.4 Ishishini lePetroleum
Kwishishini lepetroleum, imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nemibhobho yeoli kunye negesi, izixhobo zokucoca, kunye neetanki zokugcina. Imibhobho yenzelwe ukumelana nemekobume eyingozi yeemveliso zepetroleum kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu olubandakanyekayo ekuthuthweni nasekuqhubeni. Iipayipi eziqhekezayo ze-petroleum, ngokukodwa, ziyimfuneko kwinkqubo yokucoca. Zenziwe kwiintsimbi ezikhethekileyo ezinokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye neekhemikhali. Imibhobho yentsimbi yekhabhoni engenamthungo kwishishini lepetroleum iphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo lwekhwalithi kunye novavanyo lokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nokuthembeka kwabo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-30-2024