Ityhubhu yeBrass eChaneke kakhulu kunye nentonga eqinileyo
Umlinganiselo wobunyulu
Ukucoceka kobhedu kunokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa umgaqo we-Archimedes, apho umthamo kunye nobuninzi besampuli zilinganiswa, kwaye ke ipesenti yobhedu equlethwe kubhedu ingabalwa ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bobhedu kunye nobuninzi be-zinc.
Ubhedu oluqhelekileyo
Yi-alloy yobhedu kunye ne-zinc.
Xa umxholo we-zinc ungaphantsi kwama-35%, i-zinc inokuchithwa kwi-copper ukuze yenze i-alpha yesigaba esisodwa, esibizwa ngokuba yi-single-phase brass, i-plasticity enhle, ilungele ukucofa okushushu kunye nokubandayo.
Xa umxholo we-zinc u-36% ~ 46%, kukho i-α yesigaba esisodwa kunye ne-β isisombululo esiqinileyo esisekelwe kwi-copper kunye ne-zinc, ebizwa ngokuba yi-biphasic brass, isigaba se-β senza ukuba i-plasticity yobhedu iyancipha kwaye i-tensile amandla anyuke, afanelekele kuphela ukulungiswa koxinzelelo olushushu.
Ukuba siqhubeka nokwandisa iqhekeza le-zinc, amandla okuqina ayancipha kwaye akukho xabiso lokusetyenziswa.
Ikhowudi iboniswa ngu "H + inombolo", H ithetha ubhedu, kwaye inani lithetha iqhekeza elikhulu lobhedu.
Ngokomzekelo, i-H68 ithetha ubhedu oluqulethe i-68% yobhedu kunye ne-32% ye-zinc, kunye ne-casting brass ilandelwa igama elithi "Z", njenge-ZH62.
Ngokomzekelo, i-ZCuZnzn38 ithetha ubhedu olutyhidiweyo kunye ne-38% ye-zinc kunye nenani eliseleyo lobhedu.
I-H90, i-H80 yeyesigaba esinye sobhedu, igolide tyheli.
I-H59 yi-duplex brass, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizakhiwo zezixhobo zombane, ezinjengeebholiti, iindongomane, iiwasha, imithombo njalo njalo.
Ngokubanzi, ubhedu lwesigaba esinye sisetyenziselwa ukucwangciswa kwe-deformation ebandayo kunye ne-dual-phase yobhedu isetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-deformation eshushu.
Ubhedu olukhethekileyo
I-multi-alloy eyenziwe ngokongeza ezinye izinto ezixutywayo kwi-brass eqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-brass ekhethekileyo.Izinto ezihlala zongezwa ziyilothe, i-tin, i-aluminium, njl.Injongo yokongeza izinto ze-alloying.Injongo ephambili kukwandisa amandla okuqina kunye nokuphucula ukuqhubekeka.
Ikhowudi: "H + isimboli seyona nto ibalulekileyo eyongeziweyo (ngaphandle kwe-zinc) + iqhezu lobunzima lobhedu + inxalenye enkulu yento eyongezelelweyo eyongeziweyo + inxalenye enkulu yezinye izinto".
Umzekelo: I-HPb59-1 ibonisa ukuba i-fraction mass copper yi-59%, i-fraction mass yelothe equlethe eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokongeza yi-1%, kunye ne-balance ye-zinc yi-lead brass.
Iimpawu zomatshini zobhedu ziyahlukahluka kunye nomxholo we-zinc ngenxa yeemali ezahlukeneyo ze-zinc ngobhedu.Ku-α ubhedu, zombini u-σb kunye no-δ zonyuka ngokuqhubekayo njengoko umxholo we-zinc usanda.Kuba (α + β) ubhedu, amandla okushisa kwegumbi ayanda ngokuqhubekayo de umxholo we-zinc unyuke ukuya malunga ne-45%.Ukuba umxholo we-zinc uyanda ngakumbi, amandla ayancipha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokubonakala kwe-brittle r-phase (i-Cu5Zn8 i-compound-based based solution solution) kwintlangano ye-alloy.(I-plasticity yegumbi lokushisa (α + β) ithusi ihlala iyancipha ngokunyuka komxholo we-zinc Ngoko ke, i-alloys zethusi-zinc ezinomxholo we-zinc ezingaphezu kwe-45% azikho ixabiso elisebenzayo.
Ubhedu oluqhelekileyo lusetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezinjengamabhanti etanki yamanzi, unikezelo lwamanzi kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi, iimedallions, imibhobho yamalahle, imibhobho yenyoka, imibhobho yocondensation, oonokrwece kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo ezintsonkothileyo zeemveliso zokubethelwa ngenqindi, i-hardware encinci, njl. umxholo we-zinc ukusuka kwi-H63 ukuya kwi-H59, banokumelana kakuhle nokulungiswa kombuso oshushu, kwaye basetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo zombane, iindawo zesitampu kunye nezixhobo zomculo.
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa umhlwa, amandla, ubulukhuni kunye nokuqina kobhedu, isixa esincinci (ngokubanzi 1% ukuya kwi-2%, ezimbalwa ukuya kwi-3% ukuya kwi-4%, zimbalwa kakhulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5% ukuya kwi-6%) yetin, i-aluminiyam, i-manganese, isinyithi, i-silicon, i-nickel, i-lead kunye nezinye izinto zongezwa kwi-alloy ye-copper-zinc ukwenza i-ternary, i-quaternary, okanye i-alloy element emihlanu, eyinkimbinkimbi yobhedu, eyaziwa ngokuba lubhedu olukhethekileyo.
I-Brass inamandla okumelana nokunxiba, ubhedu luhlala lusetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kweevalve, iipayipi zamanzi, umoya womoya wangaphakathi nangaphandle wokudibanisa umatshini kunye nama-radiator, njl.
Ubhedu olukhokelayo
Ilothe ngokuqhelekileyo ayinyibiliki ngobhedu kwaye isasazwe kwimida yeenkozo ngendlela yobuninzi obukhululekileyo.Kukho iindidi ezimbini zobhedu olulothe ngokwentlangano yazo: α kunye (α + β).I-alad brass inokubanda kuphela ikhubazekile okanye ishushu ikhutshwe ngenxa yempembelelo eyingozi yelothe kunye neplastiki ephantsi kumaqondo aphezulu.(α + β) i-lead brass ineplastiki efanelekileyo kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kwaye inokwenziwa.
Ubhedu lwenkcenkce
Ukongezwa kwe-tin kubhedu kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa ukushisa kwe-alloy, ngakumbi ukuphucula ukukwazi ukuxhathisa ukubola kwamanzi olwandle, ngoko ke ubhedu lwe-tin lunegama elithi "i-naval brass".
I-Tin inokunyibilika kwisisombululo esiqinileyo sobhedu, isisombululo esiqinileyo sokuqinisa.Nangona kunjalo, ngokunyuka komxholo we-tin, i-alloy iya kubonakala i-brittle r-phase (ikhompawundi yeCuZnSn), engabandakanyi ukuguqulwa kweplastiki ye-alloy, ngoko umxholo we-tin we-tin yobhedu ngokubanzi uphakathi kwe-0.5% ukuya. 1.5%.
Iibrasi ze-tin ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-HSn70-1, i-HSn62-1, i-HSn60-1, njl njl. I-alpha alloy ene-plasticity ephezulu kwaye inokucutshungulwa ngoxinzelelo olubandayo okanye olushushu.Amabakala amabini okugqibela ane (α + β) umbutho wesigaba sesibini, kwaye kaninzi kubonakala inani elincinci le-r-phase, iplastiki yeqondo lokushisa kwigumbi aliphezulu, kwaye inokukhubazeka kuphela kwimeko eshushu.
Ubhedu lweManganese
IManganese inonyibiliko olukhulu kubhedu oluqinileyo.Yongeza i-1% ukuya kwi-4% ye-manganese ngobhedu, inokuphucula kakhulu amandla kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion ye-alloy, ngaphandle kokunciphisa iplastiki yayo.
Ubhedu lweManganese lunombutho (α + β), olusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-HMn58-2, kunye nokusebenza koxinzelelo kwimo ebandayo kunye neshushu kulungile.
Ubhedu lwentsimbi
Kwintsimbi yobhedu, intsimbi iyancipha njengamaqhekeza e-iron-rich-process, icoca iinkozo njenge-nuclei, kwaye ikhusela ukukhula kweenkozo ezihlaziyiweyo, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe iimpawu zomatshini kunye nepropathi yenkqubo ye-alloy.Umxholo wesinyithi kwi-ferrobrass ngokuqhelekileyo ungaphantsi kwe-1.5%, kwaye umbutho wayo (α + β), unamandla amakhulu kunye nokuqina, iplastiki enhle kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, kunye ne-deformable kwisimo esibandayo.Ibakala elisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi-Hfe59-1-1.
Ubhedu lwenikelo
I-nickel kunye nobhedu lunokwenza isisombululo esiqinileyo esiqhubekayo, sandise kakhulu ummandla wesigaba se-alpha.Ukongezwa kwe-nickel kwi-brass kunokuphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion yobhedu emoyeni kunye namanzi olwandle.I-nickel iphinda iphakamise ukushisa kwakhona kobhedu kwaye ikhuthaze ukubunjwa kweenkozo ezintle.
I-HNi65-5 i-nickel brass inombutho we-alpha wesigaba esinye, kunye neplastiki elungileyo kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo, inokukhubazeka kwimeko eshushu, kodwa umxholo wokungcola okukhokelela kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo, kungenjalo uya konakala kakhulu ingxubevange.
Ubushushu bokwenza ubushushu 750～830℃;ubushushu be-annealing 520～650℃;iqondo lobushushu eliphantsi le-annealing 260～270℃ lokuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi.
Ubhedu olusingqongileyo C26000 C2600 Iplastiki egqwesileyo, amandla aphezulu, ukuchaneka okulungileyo, i-welding, ukuxhathisa okulungileyo kokugqwala, ukutshintshiselana kobushushu, iityhubhu zokwenza iphepha, oomatshini, iinxalenye ze-elektroniki.
Inkcazo (mm): Inkcazo: ubukhulu: 0.01-2.0mm, ububanzi: 2-600mm.
Ukuqina: O, 1/2H, 3/4H, H, EH, SH, njl.
Imigangatho esebenzayo: GB, JISH, DIN, ASTM, EN.
Iimpawu: ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kokusika, ilungele i-lathe ezenzekelayo, i-CNC lathe processing yeendawo ezichanekileyo eziphezulu.
